Posts Tagged ‘bird conservation’

Another Grey Bust

Tuesday, February 16th, 2010

Another 1000 African Gray parrots were discovered earlier this month in crates about to leave the airport in Cameroon for transport to Bahrain and the Middle East. This is the second illegal shipment of these parrots intercepted in two months in Cameroon. The total number of birds discovered numbers over 1500 between the shipments – all sent to Limbe Wildlife Refuge for rehabilitation. The birds who are alive and who are able to be released will be. Many have already died from being crushed or glued or just general rough handling and fear during the “shipment.”

These are all wild caught birds of the endangered species variety. They are CITES II which means trade in them is restricted because their populations in the wild are so low that they cannot sustain any trade. I spoke with Dr. Irene Pepperberg of The Alex Foundation who has done the seminal work on the intelligence of African Grey Parrots. She told me that when there is this high a number of birds being poached, it means there are a number of large flocks from which the adults are taken. Stripped of their teaching population, the younger birds remaining in these substantially decreased flocks are left trying to learn to survive in the wild on their own and it makes these diminished flocks extremely vulnerable. If any of the birds that eventually are released are young, they have an equally challenging situation in that they also need adult birds who will teach them how to survive. But in this case it’s even trickier because these unrelated birds being released will need to know to search out and find adults who are willing to teach them. Add to this the fact that, according to research done by Dr. Pepperberg over a 30 year project, African Grey parrots have an emotional equivalent of a 2-3 human child and the intelligence of a 5-6 year old human child, and seeing these birds tightly crammed in baskets and crates is even more heartbreaking.

Limbe is charged with caring for over 1000 parrots right now – a financial and time burden they never expected. The best way to stop these kinds of killing shipments is to end the market for wild caught birds. It can start with each of us. Triple check your desire for an exotic bird before buying one. Make sure you are prepared for the commitment. It can be up to 80 years of commitment and you can expect your life to change dramatically to accommodate the bird – you cannot reasonably expect the bird to accommodate your lifestyle and still have any kind of satisfying life for either of you. If you still must get one, then be absolutely certain the bird was domestically bred and raised and there are several generations of domestically bred and raised birds in his or her lineage. Wild birds make terrible pets anyway. Those domestically bred and hand raised are more accustomed to human interaction and there is generally less aggression than with a wild caught bird. We can avoid unwittingly aiding and abetting the poaching of exotic birds by shrinking the market for them. The birds are much happier when they remain in the wild. And, it would be a travesty for a regal bird like the African Grey to disappear because of his ornamental value in the pet trade.

 

Photo credits: Limbe Wildlife Refuge

Finch Fights

Monday, February 15th, 2010

Apparently there are no animals too small be bet upon in forced fighting rings. The latest bust, this one in Massachusetts, of illegal immigrants who keep finches in intolerable conditions, get them worked up , sharpen their beaks and then get them fighting, is a sad testimony to what goes on. Who would have thought finches weighing just grams could be considered fighting instruments with which to make money? This article in the Boston Herald tells a tough story about an improbable, but apparently not uncommon form of animal abuse.

photo credit: Boston Herald

A Cozy Warm Bed

Thursday, January 7th, 2010

Do you ever wonder where birds sleep? On a cold winter night, when the wind is blowing the snow sideways across the light of your street lamps, the chickadees that visited your feeder in the morning are huddling close together. Hopefully they have found a decent cavity to roost in. If your neighborhood is like mine, a dead tree is considered a hazard and is quickly removed to prevent damage to houses. The valuable cavities in a dead tree are eliminated in most urban and suburban areas where dead trees are not allowed to stand.

What can you do for the local birds that are looking for a place out of the frigid cold? Consider a roost box. While a nest box is flat inside and provides room for a nest, a roost box has a series of pegs that serve as perches with a roof overhead. Roost boxes are designed to provide a simple shelter for birds where they can sleep together with some relief from the cold and use their collective body heat to keep warm. Roost boxes often look very similar to nest boxes. Different size entrance holes provide shelter for different types of birds. A smaller hole invites smaller birds, such as sparrows, nuthatches and titmice, while a larger hold can accommodate flickers and small hawks. Smaller birds loose body heat very fast, but in a roost they can keep each other warm by staying close together.

Owls can use the same box they nested in as a roost box in winter. Other birds, such as chickadees, can roost in a PVC pipe roost that you can easily make yourself. Click on the picture for simple instructions on how to build a chickadee roost.

Here is a great website from Audubon Society of Omaha that provides instructions for those of you who would really like to build your own roost boxes, and nest boxes too.

While a bird feeder may provide the wintering birds with food, they also need shelter to make it through the winter. Roost boxes can help attract more birds to your area, and can keep them warm and safe through the cold nights.

If you want help identifying the birds around your backyard, check out Peterson Field Guide to Backyard Birds 2.0 for iPhone and iTouch. All the great illustrations and information available in the original Peterson Field Guide book, but adapted for your iPhone or iPod touch. It’s easy and fun to use, and it can help improve your birding skills, no matter what level you are at. With a roost box in your yard and Peterson for iPhone to help identify your backyard birds, you’ll enjoy a winter of birding.

A White-crowned Sparrow could find shelter in your roost box

Photo credit: Stan Tekiela

Where’s the Water?

Monday, January 4th, 2010

Right now the northern states are blanketed in snow, and stepping outside can be hazardous. Winter temperatures can dip below zero degrees Farenheit, and the wind chill pushes far below that. We can throw on layers or stay inside, but what do the birds do? How can we help birds brave the winter onslaught of freezing temperatures and battering snow?

Birds can make it through the winter without our help, but many people provide their bird visitors with a heated bird bath.  Open water is hard to find in winter, and by providing birds with a constant source of water you will attract more birds to your yard. Some birds (not all) will eat snow, but the amount of energy it takes to process this snow into water is high.

So, you can make life easier for your backyard visitors with a watering dish that does not freeze over. You don’t need to buy a brand new bird bath – you can buy a small heater that you leave inside your current bird bath with an extension cord. But, it is a good idea to use some caution when using a heated bird bath as well. When temperatures drop too far, a bird’s feathers can freeze after taking a bath or even from the steam that comes up from the birdbath. This can be dangerous for the bird, even resulting in death.

Laura Erickson of the Cornell Lab of Ornithology has some good recommendations on how to deal with this problem. Here is a link to an article on her new book, “The Bird Watching Answer Book, Everything You Need to Know to Enjoy Birds in Your Backyard and Beyond“.

Here is the paragraph specifically regarding heated bird baths:

In a section titled “Birds Don’t Need Hot Tubs,” Erickson states: “I would never use a heated bath when temperatures were below about 20 degrees to prevent steam from coating feathers.” She recommends placing a grill made of wooden dowel rods over a heated bath to prevent bathing while allowing access for drinking. If the bird bath is frozen, Laura sets out a small plastic container of water near the bird food in the morning and brings it in when it freezes.

So, while a heated bird bath can make your backyard a winter birding bonanza, you also must keep the safety of your feathered friends in mind. Cornell has some suggestions on setting up a birdbath which can help both you and make the winter a better time for year for your backyard visitors.

Angel in New Jersey

Friday, October 23rd, 2009

You may not be happy about your neighbor feeding cats that roam through your yard and attack the resident bird population. Often this starts out as just someone feeling sorry for a kitten they see that needs a meal. The next thing you know, there is a colony of a dozen or more cats hanging out in the neighborhood – often wreaking havoc, or even more frequently, finding themselves under the wheels of a car or dealing with some illness – life in the wild can be tough. But, how do these cats get there to begin with? Many of them are owned by the neighbor down the street who thinks Tabby needs to be free and opens the back door so he can have a happy life outside. Others are pets who have been abandoned when the family leaves town and leaves Kitty behind thinking she is a wild creature and able to fend for herself. Sadly, though, in North America there never were small wild cats and the family Tabby cat patrolling the neighborhood constitutes an introduced exotic (not a naturally occurring critter) and his daily strolls threaten the lives of the naturally occurring creatures who are not designed to defend themselves against cats. It is estimated that cats outside of the home in the US are responsible annually for the death of tens of millions of birds plus frogs, lizards and rodents.

Some compassionate people leave dishes of food out for these cats – often hopeful that they will stop eating the birds at their feeders. But feeding the cats really doesn’t make much difference in their hunting habits. The responsible feral cat carer will trap, neuter and release (TNR) all the cats that come to her home, including Tabby if he continues to hang out there. In this way, the hope is that through attrition, the colony size will dwindle. But most people don’t want to be bothered, and so the group of cats just continues to grow.

Many people call animal control to have the cats removed and euthanized. The pound has little choice as these cats are all pretty wild and they generally cannot even be approached much less adopted. But, some people see things a little differently. There is an amazing woman in northern New Jersey, Christine Margo, who runs K.I.S.S.(Kitties In Need of Someone Special). She knows that young kittens can be socialized and become great family pets, so she takes in feral kittens up to the age of 8 weeks and finds them good homes. How do I know this? Because she has helped me get a couple of feral kittens I knew about off the street. Knowing how much work it is to capture and get these kittens ready for adoption, I took care of getting 3 kittens trapped and neutered and given shots, (same for the parents who we were able to identify and trap) and then took the kittens to her 2 days later along with a donation for their care. Christine took care of the rest and got the kittens ready for their new lives. Less than 2 weeks later, one of them had already been adopted by a loving family with 2 kids. Jackpot! Both for family and kitty – in this case Calypso (pictured here with her new family).

Getting good adoptive homes for feral kittens is almost unheard of, but Christine and her organization K.I.S.S. are pretty unusual. Not only does she help give a decent life to a feral cat, she also helps the adoptive family get ready for their new arrival.

Ultimately, the solution to eliminating feral cat colonies is keeping pet cats indoors and taking them along as part of the family move. But until that day, there must be TNR and people like Christine to help. What Christine does is a near miracle and should be celebrated. Thank you, Christine!

If you live near K.I.S.S you can save a kitten who might otherwise be on the street by giving it a good home. Stop by some of their adoption weekends and see the adorable kittens available.


Calypso and her brother and sister on their first day at KISS

Will the Bird Friendly Shade Grown Coffee Please Stand Up?

Thursday, June 4th, 2009

My husband and I are coffee drinkers. In fact, recently I made the mistake of taking him along to help get a replacement when our old cappuccino machine died. We wound up with a machine so complicated I needed an advanced degree to make it work. But I digress. The reason for my writing about coffee at all is that for many years I have been looking to find coffee which is bird friendly, which means it is grown in the shade. Why is growing coffee in the shade important you might ask? Much of the coffee we buy is grown in neo-tropical countries where birds we see in the spring and summer spend their winters. So when that yellow warbler leaves your backyard and heads to Central America, he starts his journey with the full intention of having a place to stay and food to eat when he arrives in his winter home. Since it is cheaper and easier to grow coffee by clear cutting the land of all trees and shrubs, this kind of agriculture is a very bad thing for the birds which migrate to these areas as well as the other wildlife which live there. Exhausted after a grueling trip south, battling hurricanes and all kinds of challenges, increasingly more often, migratory songbirds are reaching their traditional overwintering grounds and finding they have been clear cut or destroyed. Coffee is naturally a shade loving plant, but since it is cheaper to clear cut the growing area and then just treat the coffee plants with chemicals to keep them going, this has become the new norm for larger agricultural enterprises. So, if we want to help migratory birds (and other animals, too) keep their populations up by retaining their habitat intact and chemical free, buying shade grown coffee which is grown on plantations which retain the trees and undergrowth necessary for songbirds is an easy and practical solution.

Or so I thought. Coffee has many descriptive terms. It can be fair trade (which guarantees poor farmers in co-operatives a fair price for their coffee), organic (which refers to the use or non-use of chemicals), and (among other descriptive terms) shade grown. What I have come to discover is that shade grown can mean many things and these various terms are often mutually exclusive. So that if it is fair trade and/or organic, it may not be shade grown. And there is shade grown and then there is bird friendly shade grown. Until recently, even finding shade grown coffee was a challenge. You had to trust that the distributor really did buy coffee grown in the shade, if the shop even had any idea what you were talking about. I thought I had found a great shade grown coffee, and have been using it for a very long time, only to discover that it most probably is shade grown but not bird friendly.

I learned all this from Scott Weidensaul who really opened my eyes to what to look for. He told me that normal shade grown means they did not clear cut the trees. However, they do clear the undergrowth and so it causes a mono-culture of trees and coffee bushes. This is only mildly better than coffee grown in clear cut areas. Bird friendly coffee growers not only retain the tree canopy, they also keep the undergrowth which the birds need for food and shelter. Smithsonian has the only 100% organic bird-friendly coffee certification and their certifications are given only to growers who comply with a fairly rigid list of standards. The coffee is better tasting, too as it has no chemicals and ripens more slowly. You can buy Smithsonian bird friendly certified coffee at Birds And Beans which was founded by a group of concerned naturalists and birders including Kenn Kauffman. So, spread the word that buying bird friendly certified coffee is an easy way to help migrating birds as well as wildlife. Whenever biodiversity can be left intact, we all benefit from it.

So, now in my new complicated coffee machine, I have the real deal being brewed. Real bird friendly shade grown Smithsonian certified coffee. It makes a better cup of coffee if for no other reason than it really is an easy change to make in my routine and has such a wide-ranging benefit to so many birds and animals. Now that’s the best way to start the day!

Oh, and in case you thought that it was just the warblers who are affected by loss of habitat through coffee growing, think again. Here is a list of some of the species who return to or migrate through shade grown coffee plantations and who benefit from us taking a moment to think before we buy coffee:

Sharp-shinned Hawk
Broad-winged Hawk
American Kestrel
Lesser Nighthawk
Ruby-throated Hummingbird
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher
Traill’s (Willow and Alder) Flycatcher
Least Flycatcher
Hammond’s Flycatcher
Brown-crested Flycatcher
Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher
Western Kingbird
Yellow-throated Vireo
Blue-headed Vireo
Warbling Vireo
Red-eyed Vireo
Yellow-green Vireo
Violet-green Swallow
Cliff Swallow
Barn Swallow
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher
Swainson’s Thrush
Wood Thrush
Golden-winged Warbler
Tennessee Warbler
Nashville Warbler
Northern Parula
Yellow Warbler
Magnolia Warbler
Golden-cheeked Warbler
Black-throated Green Warbler
Townsend’s Warbler
Blackburnian Warbler
Black-and-white Warbler
American Redstart
Worm-eating Warbler
Ovenbird
Louisiana Waterthrush
Kentucky Warbler
Mourning Warbler
MacGillivray’s Warbler
Hooded Warbler
Wilson’s Warbler
Canada Warbler
Yellow-breasted Chat
Summer Tanager
Western Tanager
Rose-breasted Grosbeak
Indigo Bunting
Painted Bunting
Orchard Oriole
Baltimore Oriole

Bird species list provided by Dr. Oliver Komar, SalvaNATURA.